March 1971: A Pivotal Month in Bangladesh's Liberation War

March 1971 was a transformative period in Bangladesh's history. This month witnessed a series of events that propelled the Bengali people towards their ultimate goal of independence. Here's a look at some key points to remember:

Rising Tensions:

·         The month began with simmering tensions between the Bengali majority in East Pakistan (present-day Bangladesh) and the Pakistani military rulers. The Awami League, led by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, had won a landslide victory in the 1970 elections, but the transfer of power was being stalled.

The Historic Speech:

·         On March 7th, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman delivered a thunderous speech at a massive rally in Dhaka. Though not an outright declaration, his words ignited a spirit of defiance and a yearning for freedom in the hearts of millions.

The Spark of Defiance:

·         General Yahya Khan, the Pakistani President, postponed the National Assembly session scheduled for March 3rd. This triggered widespread protests and strikes across Bangladesh. On March 3rd, a huge gathering at Paltan Maidan declared Sheikh Mujibur Rahman as the leader of an independent Bangladesh.

The Descent into War:

·         The tipping point came on the night of March 25th, 1971. Operation Searchlight, a brutal military crackdown by Pakistan, unleashed violence upon the Bengali population. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was arrested early on March 26th.

The Declaration of Independence:

·         Despite his arrest, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman is believed to have declared independence before being taken into custody. On the same day, M. A. Hannan, an Awami League leader, declared Bangladesh's independence on the radio from Chittagong.

March's Legacy:

·         March 1971 serves as a potent symbol of Bengali resistance and the birth pangs of a nation. The month's events, especially the 7th March speech and the declaration of independence, continue to inspire Bangladeshis and stand as a testament to their struggle for freedom.